The evaluation of U. S. policy toward Southern Africa before and after the apartheid era

Abstract

Abstract by author:

It looks at Constructive Engagement under President Reagan. That policy was partially followed by President Bush but was altered due to the demise of the Cold War. The Constructive Engagement brought about the independence of Namibia and brought pressure on South Africa to bring an end to apartheid

By far the most important issue to the Americans is the fulfilment of their national interest. They desire to achieve their goal objective is political. During the Constructive Engagement Era, the national interest was the policy on 'containment' - stopping the spread of communism

President Bush was mainly inactive in 'Apartheid' due to the lifting of sanctions. But Clinton has been able to achieve his new idea or goal objective - commercial diplomacy which leads to economic influence in Southern Africa