Water and sanitation in Eastern Caprivi select="/dri:document/dri:meta/dri:pageMeta/dri:metadata[@element='title']/node()"/>

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dc.contributor.author Devereux, Stephen
dc.date.accessioned 2026-02-16T09:32:45Z
dc.date.available 2026-02-16T09:32:45Z
dc.date.issued 1993
dc.identifier.uri https://digital.unam.edu.na/xmlui/handle/11070.1/21849
dc.description This study examines water and sanitation conditions in eastern Caprivi, focusing on household access to water sources, sanitation practices, and community awareness of hygiene and health. Based on 250 interviews conducted in August 1993 with households and community leaders, the report documents the diverse range of water sources in the region, including boreholes, wells, ponds, seasonal streams (mulapos), and rainwater. Despite this diversity, many households struggle to secure reliable, safe, and convenient water throughout the year, particularly during the dry season when women and children travel longer distances to collect water. Findings show that formal water infrastructure especially boreholes and jetted wells often contributes minimally to household water needs due to unreliability and limited local capacity for maintenance. Traditional dug wells, although widely used, present significant hygiene risks unless protected and upgraded. The study also reveals generally high awareness of the relationship between water quality, sanitation, and health. However, drinking water is rarely treated, even when sourced from stagnant water bodies, and the adoption of latrines remains low despite recognition of their health benefits. The report highlights opportunities for improved, low‑technology water solutions and targeted hygiene promotion. en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher University of Namibia en_US
dc.subject Water security en_US
dc.subject Eastern Caprivi en_US
dc.subject Namibia water sector en_US
dc.subject Traditional water sources en_US
dc.title Water and sanitation in Eastern Caprivi en_US
dc.title.alternative A knowledge, attitudes and practices survey en_US
dc.type Technical Report en_US


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