This book examines the conflict between Germany and Portugal in Angola during World War I, focusing on colonial border disputes, military reprisals, and international arbitration. It explores how the 1914 Naulila incident, where German officials were killed in Angola, led to German military retaliation and broader colonial tensions. The book also analyzes the Luso-German arbitration process under the Treaty of Versailles (1919), which established Germany’s responsibility for violating international law. Additionally, it discusses the memorial culture surrounding the conflict in Angola, Namibia, Germany, and Portugal.